Oxford Latin Dictionary says:
alis see alius.
-alis, -ale adjl. suff. Collat. w. -aris, which is used when the base contains an l (but cf. cleacalis, limitalis); formed from nouns (exitialis, officialis, regalis).
Was suffix -alis derived from alis or alius? Or are they unrelated?
As far as I know, they're unrelated.
De Vaan derives alius from PIE *h?el- "other" (compare Greek allos, Latin alter), which makes perfect sense. He doesn't list -ālis since it's not a lexeme in its own right, but it's hard to see how "pertaining to" could come from "other"; looking online, some sites suggest a link to the second half of ind-olēs ("innate"), in which case it would would come from an unrelated *h?el- "nourish", as in alō.
Wiktionary offers:
From Proto-Indo-European *-li-, which later dissimilated into an early version of -āris (e.g., mīlitāris). Perhaps connected to *h?el- (“to grow”) (cf. the sense of indolēs, from this root).
So, apparently there's no connection with alis/alius ("other").
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